Should I add light to my coop during the winter?

Winter brings unique challenges for backyard chicken keepers, and one of the most common questions is whether you should add light to keep your hens laying eggs. Let’s break it down so you can make the best decision for your chicken flock.

Do You Need a Light for Egg Production?

You don’t have to use light at all. However, if you’d like to encourage egg production during winter’s shorter days, the good news is you don’t need anything too bright!

Studies have shown that hens need about 14 hours of light per day to maintain consistent egg production. In the darkest winter months, you may need to add 4 or more hours of light, depending on your location. The key? You don’t need a high-powered bulb to see results—something as dim as the light from a single candle can stimulate egg-laying. Even a 4-watt nightlight might do the trick!

If you’re worried about safety (and avoiding the fire hazard of electrical wiring), there are safer options like:

• Solar-powered coop lights
• Battery-powered tap lights
• Low-wattage LED lights

Why Morning Light is Better Than Evening Light

If you decide to add light, only do so in the morning hours. Here’s why:

In natural conditions, sunlight fades gradually in the evening, giving your hens time to settle on the roost for the night. But artificial lights turn off suddenly, leaving your birds disoriented in the dark. If they’re still eating or drinking when the light goes out, they may struggle to find their way to the roost, leading to stress, accidents, and even injuries.

By adding light only in the morning, you ensure your flock wakes up gradually and enjoys the natural dimming of the evening sunset.

Should You Heat Your Coop?

While a light can help stimulate egg production, adding a heater may also be worth considering if temperatures regularly drop below freezing. When it’s that cold, your hens use a significant portion of their feed to maintain their body heat instead of producing eggs. A bit of supplemental warmth can make a big difference for both their comfort and egg production.

Be cautious with heaters, though—ensure they’re safe, well-secured, and suitable for chicken coops. Check out our Ultimate Heater Guide for your flock. 

The Case Against Artificial Light

There’s also a strong argument for skipping artificial lighting altogether. Chickens naturally molt once a year, and the change in daylight hours is what typically triggers this process. If your hens are exposed to constant artificial light, their molt may be delayed until late winter when temperatures are frigid.

Molting requires a lot of energy and nutrients, and hens shed their feathers during the process. Without their insulating feathers, they’ll struggle to stay warm in the dead of winter. Allowing their bodies to follow the natural rhythm of the seasons may be the kinder and safer option for their overall health.

Final Takeaway

If you choose to add light to your coop in the winter:

• Wait until your birds have completed their annual molt.
• Use a low-wattage, safe light source.
• Only add light in the morning to avoid evening stress.

Remember, winter care isn’t one-size-fits-all. Keep an eye on your flock, and prioritize their health and well-being above egg production. A happy, healthy flock will always reward you in the long run!